Panchang (five limbs) is the traditional Vedic calendar system that provides essential astronomical and astrological information for daily life. It consists of:

• Tithi: Lunar day, based on the Moon's relationship with the Sun
• Nakshatra: Lunar mansion, one of 27 divisions of the zodiac
• Yoga: Specific combinations of Sun and Moon positions
• Karana: Half of a Tithi, there are 11 Karanas
• Vara: Weekday, governed by specific planetary deities